Once one is, however temporarily, satisfied with one's corpus of texts forming the "data" for the project, the next step is to develop an approach to get the data to speak to one's overall interest while respecting them.
This is the beginning of the shaping of the final text, when matters of "interpretation" become preeminent.
What does he do:
Note that Becker is making both a theoretical and methodological argument.
An example from sec. 26-32 in minute 1 from my research (Ambiguous Harmony)
I | ? overmarking of speaker (root metaphor); individualism; |
had | ? marking of tense |
the people | ? anonymous mass (the counter-root metaphor) |
come | ? deixis inscribing that marked movement is toward the speaker (see work by Clifford Hill) |
up | ? not "over" thereby marking that the speaker is pointing to her living conditions in an apartment rather than a house. |
to check the sink | ? |
Thus, the methodological issue is more encompassing than might be suggested by thinking of Becker as only talking about translation or cross-cultural understanding.
The roots of Becker's stance in anthropology are partially in Malinowski's understanding of all meaning being produced by the "context of situation" of any symbol or utterance ([1935] 1965)
Note that the last two "statements" are impossible to document though analysts, often following the participants in some settings, are often very willing to say what has/can not be said in some settings. Justifying these sometimes permissible "interpretations" must be done with great caution and be received with great skepticism.
Above all, one must respect the text, not only as "meaning" but in its form-in-context: "meaning-for-ethnography" is in this total text ("total social fact" to paraphrase Mauss), not elsewhere. Meaning is not "attached" to behavior in the now cliched rendering of the human condition. Meaning is immanent to the joint behavior of the significant group (that is the group for whom the behavior makes a difference).