In each case the researcher acts practically with the people. He is necessarily a full participant. But, in each case the researcher takes a different stance vis-a-vis the other participants. Together they make different "polities (communities) of practice" that will highlight different aspects of the settings (allow for different kinds of learning).
We will discuss asking in this session, and then listening and eliciting.
"How do you do know if the informants is telling the truth?" (Dean & White p. 105)
(note the quote marks in the title: Dean &
White know that this question cannot be taken literally)
The authors from the book by McCall & Simmons stand
at a time (the late 60s) after several generations of ethnography
research in sociology. They are summarizing the ethnographers' experience.
Obviously I write "natives" to refer to ongoing participants in pre-existing nodes of interactions probably controlled by participants in other nodes of the network. Garfinkel talks about such participatory grousp as "cohorts," "congregations," etc. to escape the history of works like "group," "community," etc.
First, recognize one's position as participant (-observer) (caveat: questions of scale):
These issues are still with us: